Groupthink: Highly cohesive groups tending toward poor decision-making

Symptoms:

• Illusion of invulnerability

• unquestioned belief in morality of purpose

• rationalizations

• self-censorship

• illusion of unanimity

• direct pressure

• mind guards

Preventions:

• recognize it early

• minimize status differences

• assign devils advocate role

• develop norms that encourage and allow disagreement and discussion

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